成都作为中国“手游第一城”,拥有深厚的游戏研发基础和成熟的传奇手游制作生态。以下是成都地区专注于传奇类手游制作的代表性团队和企业概览,结合产业环境与典型案例分析:
一、成都传奇手游制作团队代表
1. 天象互动(赤月科技)
2. 萤火虫科技
3. 星柒玩科技
4. 掌沃无限(网龙持股)
5. 墨龙科技(三七互娱关联)
二、产业生态支持体系
成都手游产业以“研发驱动”为核心,形成以下优势生态:
1. 政策扶持
# 8.1
Now that we've covered the fundamental types, operators, and expressions, it's time to talk about compound expressions.
A compound expression is an expression that involves more than one operator. You've already seen these. For example:
c++
int x { 2 + 3 }; // 2 + 3 is a compound expression
But what happens when we combine multiple operators in a single expression? For example:
c++
int x { 2 + 3 * 4 };
In mathematics, operators follow a precedence order that tells us how to resolve expressions that contain multiple operators. The precedence rules for mathematics state that multiplication and division have higher precedence than addition and subtraction, so we do those operations first. Thus the above expression is resolved as follows:
`2 + (3 * 4) = 2 + 12 = 14`
In C++, operator precedence rules are built into the language, and they are the same as the precedence rules in mathematics. The operators in the above expression are resolved in the same way as in mathematics.
Operator Precedence
Operators in C++ are evaluated in order of precedence. A table of precedence can be found here:
Note: The precedence table contains many operators that you have not learned about yet, so don't worry if most of it doesn't make sense. Refer back to this table as you learn about more operators.
Operators with higher precedence are evaluated before operators with lower precedence.
Associativity
If two operators with the same precedence level are adjacent to each other in an expression, the operator's associativity tells the compiler whether to evaluate the operators from left to right or from right to left. The associativity for each operator is also listed in the precedence table.
For example, operator `*` and operator `/` have the same precedence, and they associate left-to-right. So:
c++
int x { 4 / 2 * 3 };
Resolves as:
`(4 / 2) * 3 = 2 * 3 = 6`
If it were evaluated right-to-left, we'd end up with `4 / (2 * 3) = 4 / 6 = 0`, which is probably not what we intended.
Parenthesization
Parenthesis can be used to force an expression to evaluate a subexpression first. Parenthesized subexpressions are evaluated before non-parenthesized expressions with higher precedence than the other operators.
For example, in the expression `2 + 3 * 4`, multiplication has higher precedence than addition, so it evaluates as `2 + (3 * 4)`. But what if we wanted the addition to happen first? We would use parenthesis:
c++
int x { (2 + 3) * 4 }; // evaluates to 20
Expressions with side effects
It is possible for expressions to have side effects. These are things that happen when an expression is evaluated that are not part of the result.
c++
int x { 5 };
int y { --x }; // this expression has the side effect of decrementing x
Quiz time
Question #1
c++
int x { 3 }; // 3
int y { 4 };
std::cout << (x + y + 1); // 8
Question #2
c++
int x { 3 };
int y { 4 };
std::cout << (x = y); // 4
Question #3
c++
int x { 3 };
int y { 4 };
std::cout << (x += y); // 7
Question #4
c++
int x { 3 };
int y { 4 };
std::cout << (x /= y); // 0
Question #5
c++
int x { 3 };
int y { 4 };
std::cout << (x == y); // 0 (false)
Question #6
c++
int x { 3 };
int y { 4 };
std::cout << (x != y); // 1 (true)
Question #7
c++
int x { 3 };
int y { 4 };
std::cout << (x <= y); // 1 (true)
Question #8
c++
int x { 3 };
int y { 4 };
std::cout << (x > y); // 0 (false)
Question #9
c++
int x { 1 };
int y { 2 };
std::cout << (x = (y = 3)); // 3
Question #10
c++
int x { 1 };
int y { 2 };
std::cout << (x = y = 3); // 3
Question #11
c++
int x { 1 };
int y { 2 };
std::cout << (x /= y + 1); // 1 / 3 = 0
Question #12
c++
int x { 3 };
int y { 4 };
std::cout << (x += y -= 2); // 5